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In my opinion, the “Incentive + Ignore” method overlooks the fact that ALL animal species are hardwired to receive vital information about survival through pairing warning signals to negative consequences. A frog that chooses to eat a yellow and black striped wasp gets a bad sting. His nervous system is designed to learn through experience that a yellow-black striped patterned insect can result in pain. If he lives through the initial offense, he will avoid future stings based on that memory. Any animal can learn through this method. Social species, like dogs and humans, have created a sophisticated language of warning signals that precede the actual negative consequences to maintain social order while avoiding the need to physically harm one another.

In my opinion, the “Incentive + Ignore” method also fails to understand Domestic Dog as a very unique species. In fact, there is no other species as unique as Dog on the planet. Dog is not a dolphin. Dog was designed to live with humans and accept our societal rules, so long as we compromise and use some dog language to communicate our expectations.

The “correction for compliance” method is common in animal species that are social. Non-social species tend to react in fight or flight when they encounter a stressful situation. Social species look to the leadership of their society for cues on how to behave when encountering a challenging situation. The idea that all animal species have nervous systems that can pair a warning signal with a negative consequence is used in societies to provide rules about boundaries for behaviors that are required to maintain a health society. Social species create warning signals (dogs use grimaces, growls, body posture) as warning signals. The negative consequence is only required if the offending dog doesn’t heed the warning of a higher ranking individual or the leader. If a physical correction is required to back-up a warning, then it must be above the threshold to change the offending dog’s behavior.

In my opinion, compliance behaviors are best explained to a dog using the “warn-first then apply a negative consequence” method. That is because dogs are hard-wired to be social, to understand the importance of societal norms and to respect and have reverence for a leader. Dogs do not restrain each other and they do not use incentives to move individuals towards socially acceptable behavior. The correction for compliance method puts a dog into self-restraint mode, meaning the dog is in control of his own behavior based on his understanding of the consequences for offensive behavior. The most serious shortcoming in execution of this method is to fail to correct effectively – and thereby nag the dog, rather than truly correct it.

Ideally, a good dog trainer uses a combination of the methods – separating the processes based on the task. If the task is a “trick”, then the incentive method works very well. Tricks are behaviors that, if the dog fails to comply, are not serous, dangerous offenses. After the dog has been coached through the use of food or other lures to understand the expectations, one can put higher demands on the performance, if it is desired by the trainer. In that case, the dog would be asked to perform the task and if he didn’t, he might receive a correction for non-compliance. That sift from incentive based to compliance based is very effective when it is done correctly. I think that the “new age” trainers fail to realize this important jump from one method to the other, once the dog understands the expectations.

If the task is compliance / respect based, there is no need for incentives. I do not need to give incentives to get a dog to stop jumping up on people, pulling me, mouthing/nipping/biting or staying when told. The dog needs to know, in no uncertain terms, that the behavior is disrespectful and the trainer, as the pack leader, needs to provide canine-friendly feedback to that effect. Canine-friendly, in my opinion, uses methods that dogs apply to each other to set boundaries and limits. Dogs correct each other with bites and snaps only if a warning signal is not honored. So, the human needs to give a warning signal (usually a sound or a word) and then pair that with the consequence if the dog doesn’t back down and respect the boundary.

To find offensive the “claw hand” used as a correction is simply to find corrections /aversives offensive. They find collars and leashes offensive, too, if they are used to correct the dog. The “new age” dog trainers, for the most part, have no interest in using corrections of any type when educating their dogs. They ignore 50% of modes in which animals learn. They just don’t want to correct their dogs. That’s all it is. You can’t correct a captive, wild dolphin. But, if you want to make some money on dolphin shows, you need to get them to work for you. If you want to maintain wild animals in captivity, you need them to cooperate, at some level, so that you can medicate them, draw blood or otherwise manipulate them for their own health. Since captive, wild animals have no need to subordinate to humans, you have to use a method that is incentive based and will result in the highest chance that the animal will cooperate with the program. There’s NOTHING wrong with that method. But, to apply it exclusively to domestic dog is to ignore the true essence of “dog” and to disregard the incredible efforts of the men and woman who, over the past several thousands of years, have dedicated themselves to the creation of what I think is the most incredible species on the face of the earth.

  • Karen says:
    October 24, 2010 at 9:39 am

    I applaud Cesar for all that he does for dogs. And I think so many people saying the same thing can’t all be wrong. What he does works- does he ever make mistakes…he says he does… He is the last chance for many dogs that “humans” have all but destroyed. Love the conversations….but really like to see it in action to really believe it. Talk is cheap.

  • Deburs says:
    October 24, 2010 at 11:28 am

    Hello to Tammie

    And what ‘consequence’ are you referring to if the dog does not understand your first warning sound or word?

    Your arguments are well laid out, but still sadly flawed. We do not have any hope of communicating like dogs to our dogs and communicating using compliance serves only to stress us and to stress our dogs. Who would you rather be with? Someone who treats us kindly or someone who ‘jabs’ at us when we are fearful, worried or feeling threatened? It serves to do nothing, but harm in the first instance and further harm as it continues.

    Dogs do not dole out forced compliance by the way. They attempt other methods first of all – and those are the ones the ‘new age’ (as you call them) trainers try to recreate to make our dogs feel happier and safer.

  • dean says:
    October 25, 2010 at 6:50 am

    Anyone that has experienced raising a litter or two of Border collies would certainly experience how dogs use force as a means of achieving compliance. They certainly use the operants in conditioning of giving warnings that if go unheeded often times result in a physical consequence.
    Why anyone would suggest otherwise is possibly blinded to reality or an agenda.

    It is my experience and understanding of life that with dogs or humans stress is a natural part (reflex) of learning in many cases. Harm comes in many forms especially if certain behaviors are allowed to occur or continue under certain circumstances.

    The 4 quadrants in operant conditioning have there beneficial places when used correctly,effectively, and properly. For some, it obviously depends on which operants one chooses to use or chooses to draw a line in the sand in not using for any given situation or absolutely not in ANY situation. I tend to shy away from the usage of absolutes.

  • terry pride says:
    October 25, 2010 at 1:37 pm

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